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Hagia Sophia (Ayasofya Müzesi)

Συγγραφή : Kostenec Jan (21/12/2007)

Για παραπομπή: Kostenec Jan, "Hagia Sophia (Ayasofya Müzesi)", 2007,
Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Κωνσταντινούπολη
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=10894>
Hagia Sophia (Ayasofya Müzesi) (28/6/2008 v.1) Αγία Σοφία (Ayasofya Müzesi) (28/8/2009 v.1) 

ΓΛΩΣΣΑΡΙΟ
 

aisle
Τhe part of the naos of a church set off by the internal rows of piers or columns, namely by the structures supporting the roof.

ambo
The elevated pulpit used for preaching in the church nave.

apse
An arched srtucture or a semi-circular end of a wall. In byzantine architecture it means the semicircular, usually barrel-vaulted, niche at the east end of a basilica. The side aisles of a basilica may also end in an apse, but it is always in the central apse where the altar is placed. It was separated from the main church by a barrier, the templon, or the iconostasis. Its ground plan on the external side could be semicircular, rectangular or polygonal.

atrium
1. Antiquity: The large, open space within a building, which is envelopped by colonnades.2. Βyzantium: The forecourt of a church in early Christian, Byzantine, and medieval arcitecture. It was usually surrounded by four porticoes (quadriporticus).

basilica
In ancient Roman architecture a large oblong type building used as hall of justice and public meeting place. The roman basilica served as a model for early Christian churches.

bema
The area at east end of the naos in Byzantine churches, containing the altar, also referred to as the presbetery or hierateion (sanctuary). In these area take place the Holy Eucharist.

ciborium, -a, n
(lat.) Domed construction or pyramidal structure, supported by four thin columns. Ciboria were usually erected over the altar, tombs of saints, fountains etc. inside of a church and in outdoor space.

cross-in-square church
Type of church in which four barrel-vaulted bays form a greek cross; the central square of their intersection is domed. The cross is inscribed into the square ground plan by means of four corner bays.

Deesis
Iconographic theme, an image of intercession for the salvation of the human race, which represents Jesus as the central figure, between the Virgin and St. John the Baptist

dome
A characteristic element of Byzantine architecture. The dome is a hemispherical vault on a circular wall (drum) usually pierced by windows. The domed church emerges in the Early Byzantine years and its various types gradually prevail, while they are expanded in the Balkans and in Russia.

entablature, the
The upper part of the classical order, that rests on the columns, it consists of the architrave, frieze and cornice.

exedra, the
1. Large semicircular niche-like structure with stone seats ranged around the walls, often outdoors or with a hemidome over. An exedra may also be expressed by a curved break in a colonnade, perhaps with a semi-circular seat.2. The rectangular hall of the palaestra, open to the courtyard with columns at the front. The exedrae in gymnasium and palaestra could have served many functions. Usually a hall of such type was the Ephebeum.

gallery
The upper level of a house where the women resided. In ecclesiastical architecture it is the corridor above the aisles and narthex of a church, from where women attended the Liturgy. Originally (in the Byzantine period) the gallery, having a special entrance, was used exclusively by the emperor and the members of the royal family.

narthex
A portico or a rectangular entrance-hall, parallel with the west end of an early Christian basilica or church.

pendentive
Triangular surface used for the transition from the square base of the church to the hemispheric dome.

skeuophylakion
(‘Treasure house’ or sacristy) A particular area or room in the churches for keeping vestments and the church furnishings, sacred vessel. Usually take place in the diakonikon, south (at right) from the central apse with the altar.

synthronon
Rows of built benches, arranged in a semicircular tier like a theatre, in the apse of a church. On these benches the clergy sat during Divine Liturgy. The bishop sat on the cathedra at the top of the synthronon.

tympanum (lunette)
(Rom., Byz.) The arched panel (lunette) inside an arch or an arcosolium.

vault
A semi-cylindrical roof.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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